tlb wrote:To be clear, I am not talking about creating a jamming signal; rather how jamming might be minimized.
There are lots of techniques to defeat jamming. The simplest one is to simply have a stronger signal so the noise (jamming) is too low. Angular separation is also easy: use lasers. You can't jam lasers; you could at best saturate the receiver by shining a brighter light on it (like trying to read a laser with the sun as a background), but that still requires a very narrow cone and thus a platform in-between the sender and receiver.
One that can apply to omnidirectional signals we've known for nearly 40 years is spread spectrum: you spread out your signal over a much larger bandwidth. Using some techniques I'm not going to go into detail about (because I really don't remember the maths of), you transform the low-power spread signal into a narrow high-power signal, while simultaneously spreading any narrow interference over a large bandwidth, reducing its power. To jam such a SS signal, you need to jam the entire bandwidth, which requires much more power.
SS was initially a military secret, one that the US shared with the UK, so it was used very effectively during the Falklands War. The Argentines could neither jam RN transmissions nor even tell that transmissions were occurring (or at least that's what my professor said). SS was later declassified and was the basis of 2G CDMA cell phone networks (not the TDMA and GSM ones) and all of the 3G ones.